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Why didn't the eastern world take part in the Industrial Revolution?
Up to the 19th century the eastern world was just as advanced as the western world. China and Japan had advanced economics and societies. Why didn't they modernize until the late 19th to early 20th centuries?
4 Antworten
- ammianusLv 7vor 10 JahrenBeste Antwort
The East had mostly despotic rulers and governments,who liked things the way they were - them on top with all the power and riches.They therefore had no interest in industrialization,as this would mean change,and why would they want to change the system that they controlled so completely.
- Big BLv 6vor 10 Jahren
Thats not exactly true in some sense.
Many eastern countries were still in the grip of feudal despotic and autocratic monarchies - Russia, China, Japan.
Imperial Russia under Tsar Alexander 1 is engaged against Napoleon in Europe. Unfortunately both Alexander and his brother, Nicholas 1, are worried about the influence of the French Revolution in Europe. The taxation system in Russia is inefficient and based upon the ownership of serfs and landholdings. Its an outdated system that both Tsars are afraid of changing which might incite rebellion.
China and Japan are different - they are literally forced to adapt to centuries of feudal monarchy. In the 1850's and 1860's, China is forced to gain trade concessions to the British during the Opium Wars. The Chinese try to fight against foreign influence through a program of modernisation of the army and navy. But the Empress Tzi places her nephew in prison and seizes power. She spends the money for the modernisation instead on herself. Her reign marks almost 50 years of corruption in China.
Once Britain has forced China to trade, other European powers such as Germany, France as well as Japan and the U.S enter the race to open up and colonise China. Seen as weak, the Chinese monarchy is hated and despised - opening up the way for its collapse in 1911. China never recovers until Mao.
Japan is in the same boat. In the 1860's, Japan is ruled the Shogun samarai, that have taken over the power of the Emperor for two centuries. But the American admiral Perry travels to Japan and the Americans soon force the Japanese to open up to trade. Seen as weak, the Emperor Meiji overthrows the disgraced Shogunate and assumes total power.
With European help, the Japanese go thru and overnight modernisation. With English help to build the navy and German help with the army, the Japanese soon become a modern military power - defeating the Russians over influence in China during the 1905 Russo-Japanese war which ends with the defeat of the Russian navy at Tsuhima and defeat of the Russian army at Muhken.
- LennyLv 7vor 10 Jahren
Well, Eastern world had started to fall behind the West in technology since 11 century. In 18 century difference had become very obvious because West was done colonising Americas and had jumped to attack and that attack nicked down Eastern countries rather easily.
India was first easy target. Muslim pirate states in Lybya and Tunisia were next. Ottoman Empire begged for money and engineers from the West just not to run too fast from Russians - the least advanced semi-Western nation.
Now if you still want to know why East started to lose technological game to the West since 11th century, ask another question.
- vor 10 Jahren
Various factors, but some western interference.
watch the movie "the last SAMURAI" 1890 ish i think japan, american business and trade wanting in on the market and pushing for change in japanese society. this led to friction within the government and ruling parties, also many battle where fought. all this led to the emperor of the time instituting a policy of isolation from the rest of the world.
British on the other hand had Various effects on china in the same vain, opium wars etc. you would need to look at the historical refrences about the countries and how they reacted to western influences