How to transfer the old records to my hard disc on my computer?

You can import it normally and then use audio editing programs to raise the volume, but it will lower even more the sound quality. And it's IMPOSSIBLE to get CD quality audio from a record since records aren't digital and they're mono not stereo. Anyways I recommend buying the cd version if it exists, otherwise you'll just have a really awful audio

Sounds like you're talking about "33 rpm records", if thats the case you can record them on one of the mp3, mp4 recorder/players and then record the music via a USB port. Thats what I do and some of the little recorders are not that costly.

I use my old college turntable and amp, plug Rec Out into the sound card Line In. I use Musicmatch Plus to record from the Line In to MP3.

You will need some sort of digital recorder than can be uploaded via USB or Firewire.